2/12/2023 0 Comments Mahjeebin song ratingThe improper disposal of face masks, over exploitation of single-use plastics and over-consumption of water for sanitary purposes along with the production of larger volumes of health-care waste are other environmental consequences of the pandemic ( Dharmaraj et al., 2021) directly related to human behavior. In addition, the precautionary and preventive measures have influenced mobility behaviors, resulting in less willingness to use public transportation and shifting to unsustainable mode of mobility (personal cars) ( Przybylowski et al., 2021). The likely animal origin of this virus has caused fear from and discomfort to deal with animals, even pets, which in many cases have been abandoned or even killed during quarantine ( Parry, 2020). A considerable state of confusion in human interaction with nature has also been witnessed during the pandemic. Uncertainty and confusion are two factors that accelerates fear, stress, panic, and anxiety and provides a basis for dramatic changes in social behavioral patterns ( Robinson and Smith, 2020). Since such critical situations affect people's lifestyle and everyday choices, understanding the individual's decision-making and preventive measures will be very challenging ( Onwezen et al., 2013). Moreover, the constant changes in people's behavior throughout the world in response to this novel situation have made it really difficult to deal with uncertainties and challenges caused by the COVOD-19 pandemic ( Chater, 2020). This probability is believed to be a serious indication of succeeding pandemic events ( Vidal, 2020) and the vulnerability of human society towards them. However, as the evidences suggest, it most probably has a zoonotic source ( WHO, 2020), which makes factors such as global warming and habitat destruction plausible to perform a role in this phenomenon. Our knowledge about the origin and transmission mechanism of this virus to humans is still very limited. The outbreak of COVID-19 virus in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and its subsequent global spread, has left human society with serious health concerns as well as serious challenges in many aspects of life ( Severo et al., 2021). can lead to a significant increase in the activity of pathogens and the emergence of various diseases that severely threaten human life ( Weiss and McMichael, 2004 Patz et al., 2004 Wilcox and Ellis, 2006 Karesh et al., 2012 Flynn et al., 2013 Liu et al., 2016 Steiger et al., 2016 Rulli et al., 2017). Findings of many researches warn that the negative human induced impacts on natural systems such as pollution, habitat destruction, landscape alteration, biodiversity loss, introducing exotic species, etc. The emergence of many global crises threating the health and environmental security of nations as well as endangering the existence of various life forms can be traced in unsustainable development and destruction of the environment. ![]() ![]() Moreover, the role of perceived behavioral control over environmental actions has been influenced by the pandemic situation and the COVID-19 crisis has positively influenced the relationship between intention and pro-environmental behavior. Individuals' attitude to perform pro-environmental behaviors has also increased as a result of this incident. According to the results, the pandemic has led to an increase in people's knowledge about their environment and has positively affected individuals' subjective norms, or the perceived social pressure to get involved in environmentally friendly actions. ![]() To evaluate this effect, a 5-scale Likert questionnaire was designed comprising of 28 questions in 7 sections of information and concerns about COVID-19, environmental knowledge, subjective norm, attitude, intention, perceived behavioral control and pro-environmental behavior. In the present research, an extended form of the Theory of Planned Behavior has been applied to examine the moderating effect of COVID-19 pandemic on pro-environmental behavior mechanism in Iran. As a profound crisis capable of threatening human well-being as well as existence, the COVID-19 pandemic can be considered as an awakening experience which may lead to the promotion of environmentally responsible behaviors in the society.
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